davical/inc/PdoQuery.php
2009-06-13 11:40:36 +12:00

489 lines
14 KiB
PHP
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<?php
/**
* PDO query class and associated functions
*
* This subpackage provides some functions that are useful around database
* activity and a PdoDialect, PdoDatabase and PdoQuery classes to simplify
* handling of database queries and provide some access for a limited
* ability to handle varying database dialects.
*
* The class is intended to be a very lightweight wrapper with some features
* that have proved useful in developing and debugging web-based applications:
* - All queries are timed, and an expected time can be provided.
* - Parameters replaced into the SQL will be escaped correctly in order to
* minimise the chances of SQL injection errors.
* - Queries which fail, or which exceed their expected execution time, will
* be logged for potential further analysis.
* - Debug logging of queries may be enabled globally, or restricted to
* particular sets of queries.
* - Simple syntax for iterating through a result set.
*
* See http://wiki.davical.org/w/PdoQuery for design and usage information.
*
* If not already connected, PdoQuery will attempt to connect to the database,
* successively applying connection parameters from the array in $c->pdo_connect.
*
* We will die if the database is not currently connected and we fail to find
* a working connection.
*
* @package awl
* @subpackage PdoQuery
* @author Andrew McMillan <andrew@morphoss.com>
* @copyright Morphoss Ltd
* @license http://gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3
* @compatibility Requires PHP 5.1 or later
*/
/**
* The PdoDialect class handles
* @package awl
*/
class PdoDialect {
/**#@+
* @access private
*/
/**
* Holds the name of the database dialect
*/
protected $dialect;
/**#@-*/
/**
* Parses the connection string to ascertain the database dialect. Returns true if the dialect is supported
* and fails if the dialect is not supported. All code to support any given database should be within in an
* external include.
* @param string $connection_string The full PDO connection string
*/
function __construct( $connection_string ) {
if ( preg_match( '/^(pgsql):/', $connection_string, $matches ) ) {
$this->dialect = $matches[1];
}
else {
trigger_error("Unsupported database connection '".$connection_string."'", E_USER_ERROR);
}
}
/**
* Returns the SQL for the current database dialect which will return a two-column resultset containing a
* list of fields and their associated data types.
* @param string $tablename_string The name of the table we want fields from
*/
function GetFields( $tablename_string ) {
if ( !isset($this->dialect) ) {
trigger_error("Unsupported database dialect", E_USER_ERROR);
}
switch ( $this->dialect ) {
case 'pgsql':
$tablename_string = $this->Quote($tablename_string, 'identifier');
$sql = "SELECT f.attname, t.typname FROM pg_attribute f ";
$sql .= "JOIN pg_class c ON ( f.attrelid = c.oid ) ";
$sql .= "JOIN pg_type t ON ( f.atttypid = t.oid ) ";
$sql .= "WHERE relname = $tablename_string AND attnum >= 0 order by f.attnum;";
return $sql;
}
}
/**
* Translates the given SQL string into a form that will hopefully work for this database dialect. This hook
* is expected to be used by developers to provide support for differences in database operation by translating
* the query string in an arbitrary way, such as through a file or database lookup.
*
* The actual translation to other SQL dialects will usually be application-specific, so that any routines
* called by this will usually be external to this library, or will use resources external to this library.
*/
function Translate( $sql_string ) {
// Noop for the time being...
return $sql_string;
}
/**
* Returns $value escaped in an appropriate way for this database dialect.
* @param mixed $value The value to be escaped
* @param string $value_type The type of escaping desired. If blank this will be worked out from gettype($value). The special
* type of 'identifier' can also be used for escaping of SQL identifiers.
*/
function Quote( $value, $value_type = null ) {
if ( !isset($value_type) ) {
$value_type = gettype($value);
}
switch ( $value_type ) {
case 'identifier': // special case will only happen if it is passed in.
$rv = '"' . str_replace('"', '\\"', $value ) . '"';
break;
case 'null':
$rv = 'NULL';
break;
case 'integer':
case 'double' :
return $str;
case 'boolean':
$rv = $str ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE';
break;
case 'string':
default:
$str = str_replace("'", "''", $str);
if ( strpos( $str, '\\' ) !== false ) {
$str = str_replace('\\', '\\\\', $str);
if ( $this->dialect == 'pgsql' ) {
/** PostgreSQL wants to know when a string might contain escapes */
$rv = "E'$str'";
}
}
}
return $rv;
}
/**
* Replaces query parameters with appropriately escaped substitutions.
*
* The function takes a variable number of arguments, the first is the
* SQL string, with replaceable '?' characters (a la DBI). The subsequent
* parameters being the values to replace into the SQL string.
*
* The values passed to the routine are analyzed for type, and quoted if
* they appear to need quoting. This can go wrong for (e.g.) NULL or
* other special SQL values which are not straightforwardly identifiable
* as needing quoting (or not). In such cases the parameter can be forced
* to be inserted unquoted by passing it as "array( 'plain' => $param )".
*
* @param string The query string with replacable '?' characters.
* @param mixed The values to replace into the SQL string.
* @return The built query string
*/
function ReplaceParameters() {
$argc = func_num_args();
$qry = func_get_arg(0);
$args = func_get_args();
if ( is_array($qry) ) {
/**
* If the first argument is an array we treat that as our arguments instead
*/
$qry = $args[0][0];
$args = $args[0];
$argc = count($args);
}
/**
* We only split into a maximum of $argc chunks. Any leftover ? will remain in
* the string and may be replaced at Exec rather than Prepare.
*/
$parts = explode( '?', $qry, $argc );
$querystring = $parts[0];
$z = count($parts);
for( $i = 1; $i < $z; $i++ ) {
$arg = $args[$i];
if ( !isset($arg) ) {
$querystring .= 'NULL';
}
elseif ( is_array($arg) && $arg['plain'] != '' ) {
// We abuse this, but people should access it through the PgQuery::Plain($v) function
$querystring .= $arg['plain'];
}
else {
$querystring .= $this->Quote($arg); //parameter
}
$querystring .= $parts[$i]; //extras eg. ","
}
if ( isset($parts[$z]) ) $querystring .= $parts[$z]; //puts last part on the end
return $querystring;
}
}
/**
* Typically there will only be a single instance of the database level class in an application.
* @package awl
*/
class PdoDatabase {
/**#@+
* @access private
*/
/**
* Holds the PDO database connection
*/
private $db;
/**
* Holds the dialect object
*/
private $dialect;
/**
* Holds the state of the transaction 0 = not started, 1 = in progress, -1 = error pending rollback/commit
*/
protected $txnstate = 0;
/**
* Holds the count of queries executed so far
*/
protected $querycount = 0;
/**
* Holds the total duration of queries executed so far
*/
protected $querytime = 0;
/**#@-*/
/**
* The connection string is in the standard PDO format. The database won't actually be connected until the first
* database query is run against it.
*
* The database object will also initialise and hold an PdoDialect object which will be used to provide database
* specific SQL for some queries, as well as translation hooks for instances where it is necessary to modify the
* SQL in transit to support additional databases.
* @param string $connection_string The PDO connection string, in all it's glory
* @param string $dbuser The database username to connect as
* @param string $dbpass The database password to connect with
* @param array $options An array of driver options
*/
function __construct( $connection_string, $dbuser=null, $dbpass=null, $options=null ) {
$this->dialect = new PdoDialect( $connection_string );
$this->db = new PDO( $connection_string, $dbuser, $dbpass, $options );
}
/**
* Returns a PdoQuery object created using this database, the supplied SQL string, and any parameters given.
* @param string $sql_query_string The SQL string containing optional variable replacements
* @param mixed ... Subsequent arguments are positionally replaced into the $sql_query_string
*/
function Prepare( ) {
$qry = new PdoQuery( &$this );
$qry->Query(func_get_args());
return $qry;
}
/**
* Construct and execute an SQL statement from the sql_string, replacing the parameters into it.
*
* @param string $sql_query_string The SQL string containing optional variable replacements
* @param mixed ... Subsequent arguments are positionally replaced into the $sql_query_string
* @return mixed false on error or number of rows affected. Test failure with === false
*/
function Exec( ) {
$sql_string = $this->dialect->ReplaceParameters(func_get_args());
$start = microtime(true);
$result = $db->exec($sql_string);
$duration = microtime(true) - $start;
$this->querytime += $duration;
$this->querycount++;
return $result;
}
/**
* Begin a transaction.
*/
function Begin() {
if ( $this->txnstate == 0 ) {
$this->db->beginTransaction();
$this->txnstate = 1;
}
else {
trigger_error("Cannot begin a transaction while a transaction is already active.", E_USER_ERROR);
}
}
/**
* Complete a transaction.
*/
function Commit() {
$this->txnstate = 0;
if ( $this->txnstate != 0 ) {
$this->db->commit();
}
}
/**
* Cancel a transaction in progress.
*/
function Rollback() {
$this->txnstate = 0;
if ( $this->txnstate != 0 ) {
$this->db->rollBack();
}
else {
trigger_error("Cannot rollback unless a transaction is already active.", E_USER_ERROR);
}
}
/**
* Returns the current state of a transaction, indicating if we have begun a transaction, whether the transaction
* has failed, or if we are not in a transaction.
*/
function TransactionState() {
return $this->txnstate;
}
/**
* Returns the total duration of quries executed so far by this object instance.
*/
function TotalDuration() {
return $this->querytime;
}
/**
* Returns the total number of quries executed by this object instance.
*/
function TotalQueries() {
return $this->querycount;
}
/**
* Returns an associative array of field types, keyed by field name, for the requested named table. Internally this
* calls PdoDialect::GetFields to get the required SQL and then processes the query in the normal manner.
*/
function GetFields( $tablename_string ) {
}
/**
* Operates identically to PdoDatabase::Prepare, except that PdoDialect::Translate() will be called on the query
* before any processing.
*/
function PrepareTranslated() {
}
/**
* Switches on or off the processing flag controlling whether subsequent calls to PdoDatabase::Prepare are translated
* as if PrepareTranslated() had been called.
*/
function TranslateAll( $onoff_boolean ) {
}
}
/**
* A variable of this class is normally constructed through a call to PdoDatabase::Query or PdoDatabase::Prepare,
* associating it on construction with the database which is to be queried.
* @package awl
*/
class PdoQuery {
private $pdb;
private $sth;
private $max_duration = 2;
/**
* Where $db is a PdoDatabase object. This constructs the PdoQuery. If there are further parameters they
* will be in turn, the sql, and any positional parameters to replace into that, and will be passed to
* $this->Query() before returning.
*/
function __construct( ) {
$args = func_get_args();
$this->pdb = array_shift( $args );
if ( isset($db->default_max_duration) ) {
$this->max_duration = $db->default_max_duration;
}
$this->Query($args);
}
/**
* If the sql is supplied then PDO::prepare will be called with that SQL to prepare the query, and if there
* are positional parameters then they will be replaced into the sql_string (with appropriate escaping)
* before the call to PDO::prepare. Query preparation time is counted towards total query execution time.
*/
function Query( ) {
$sql_string = $this->dialect->ReplaceParameters(func_get_args());
$start = microtime(true);
$this->sth = $pdb->db->prepare($sql_string);
$duration = microtime(true) - $start;
$this->querytime += $duration;
}
/**
* If there are (some) positional parameters in the prepared query, now is the last chance to supply them...
* before the query is executed. Returns true on success and false on error.
*/
function Exec( ) {
$start = microtime(true);
$result = $this->sth->execute(func_get_args());
$duration = microtime(true) - $start;
$this->querytime += $duration;
$this->querycount++;
return $result;
}
/**
* Will fetch the next row from the query into an object with elements named for the fields in the result.
*/
function Fetch() {
return $this->sth->fetchObject();
}
/**
* Will fetch the next row from the query into an array with numbered elements and with elements named
* for the fields in the result.
*/
function FetchArray() {
return $this->sth->fetch();
}
/**
* Will fetch all result rows from the query into an array of objects with elements named for the fields in the result.
*/
function FetchAll() {
return $this->sth->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
}
/**
* An accessor for the number of rows affected when the query was executed.
*/
function Rows() {
return $this->sth->rowCount();
}
/**
* Used to set the maximum duration for this query before it will be logged as a slow query.
* @param double $seconds The maximum duration for this statement before logging it as 'slow'
*/
function MaxDuration( $seconds ) {
$this->max_duration = $seconds;
}
}