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From: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt
Title: iCalendar DTD Document (xCal)
Reference: draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-02
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Network Working Group F. Dawson
Internet-Draft Nokia
Expires: January 23, 2003 S. Reddy
Oracle
D. Royer
INET-Consulting
E. Plamondon
Oracle
July 25, 2002
iCalendar DTD Document (xCal)
draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-02
Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
This Internet-Draft will expire on January 23, 2003.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This memo defines a [XML] Document Type Definition (DTD) that
corresponds to the iCalendar, Internet Calendaring and Scheduling
Core Object Specification defined by [RFC 2445]. This DTD provides
equivalent functionality to the standard format defined by [RFC
2445]. Documents structured in accordance with this DTD may also be
known as "XML iCalendar" documents or "xCal".
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The mailing list for discussion of this memo is "ietf-
calendar@imc.org". Send an email to "ietf-calendar-request@imc.org"
with the message "SUBSCRIBE" to add your email address to this
mailing list. Send an email to "ietf-calendar-request@imc.org" with
the message "UNSUBSCRIBE" to remove your email address from this
mailing list.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY" and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119].
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Using XML For Representating iCalendar . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1 XML Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Document Type Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 Working With Standard and XML iCalendar Representations . . 6
2.3.1 Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3.2 Mixed Use of Both Representations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.4 Using Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.5 Including Binary Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.6 Including Multiple iCalendar Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.7 Mapping Property Parameters to XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.8 Mapping Calendar Properties to XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.9 Mapping Component Properties to XML . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.10 Parameter Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.11 Namespace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.12 Emailing the iCalendar XML Representation . . . . . . . . . 17
2.13 iCalendar XML Representation and File Systems . . . . . . . 18
3. Example Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.1 A well-formed and valid iCalendar XML document . . . . . . . 20
3.2 Adding non-standard, experimental extensions . . . . . . . . 20
3.3 Including binary content in attachments . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.4 iCalendar XML document with multiple iCalendar objects . . . 23
3.5 Using the iCalendar namespace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.6 Publish meeting information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.7 Publish transparent annual event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.8 Meeting invitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.9 Assign a to-do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.10 Publish a journal entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.11 Publish busy time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.12 Request busy time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.13 Response to a busy time request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.14 Published event that references time zone information . . . 30
3.15 An event with an alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4. iCalendar XML Document Type Definition . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
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6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
8. Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
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1. Introduction
The Extended Markup Language (XML) as defined in [XML] is gaining
widespread attention as a "web friendly" syntax for representing and
exchanging documents and data on the Internet. This interest
includes requests for and discussion of possible document type
definitions (DTD) and name-space for IETF standard formats such as
that defined by [RFC 2445].
This memo defines how XML can be used to represent iCalendar objects.
This memo includes the definition of the XML DTD for a XML document
representation of an iCalendar object.
NOTE: The [RFC 2445] is the definitive reference for the definition
of iCalendar semantics. This memo only provides an alternative, XML
representation for the standard syntax defined in [RFC 2445]. This
memo does not introduce any semantics not already defined by [RFC
2445].
An attempt has been made to leverage the standard features of the XML
syntax in order to represent the component iCalendar semantics. For
example, strong data typing is specified using the XML notation
declaration. The element type attributes are used to represent many
of the calendar properties that provide a "global attribute"
capability in an iCalendar object. Binary content in the ATTACH
component property may either be specified through an external entity
reference to a non-XML binary content or may be included in the XML
document's content information, after first being encoding using the
BASE64 scheme of [RFC 2146]. Parameter entities are used to
logically group content particles in the XML DTD in order to
facilitate reading and comprehension of the structure specified by
the iCalendar XML DTD.
The publication of XML version 1.0 was followed by the publication of
a World-wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation on "Namespaces in
XML". A XML name-space is a collection of names, identified by a
URI. In anticipation of the broader use of XML namespaces, this memo
includes the definition of the URI to be used to identify the
namespace associated with the iCalendar DTD element types in other
XML documents. XML applications that conform to this memo and also
use namespaces MUST NOT include other non-iCalendar namespaces in an
iCalendar XML document.
It is expected that the DTD defined in this memo will not normally be
included with iCalendar XML documents that are distributed. Instead,
the DTD will be referenced in the document type declaration in the
document entity. Such iCalendar XML documents will be well-formed
and valid, as defined in [XML]. In addition, other iCalendar XML
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documents will be specified that do not include the XML prolog. Such
iCalendar XML documents will be well-formed but not valid.
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2. Using XML For Representating iCalendar
XML is a simplified version of the text markup syntax defined by ISO
8879, Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). XML was published
as a proposed recommendation [XML] by the World-wide Web Consortium
(W3C) on February 10, 1998.
2.1 XML Dependencies
This memo specifies the XML representation for the standard iCalendar
format defined by [RFC 2445]. There are no XML dependencies other
than the [XML] and the [XMLNS] recommendations.
2.2 Document Type Definition
A XML DTD for iCalendar is defined by the DTD specified in section 3.
The formal public identifier (FPI) for the DTD is:
-//IETF//DTD XCAL//iCalendar XML//EN
NOTE: The "DTD XCAL" text in the FPI value will be replaced with the
text "RFC xxxx", where "xxxx" is the RFC number, when the memo is
published as a RFC.
This FPI MUST be used on the DOCTYPE statement within a XML document
referencing the DTD defined by this memo.
This FPI SHOULD also be used to identify iCalendar XML documents
within operating system registries of file, clipboard and interactive
rendering (e.g., memory clipboard or drag/drop) formats.
2.3 Working With Standard and XML iCalendar Representations
This memo defines an alternative, XML representation for the standard
iCalendar format defined in [RFC 2445]. This alternative
representation provides the same semantics as that defined in the
standard format.
2.3.1 Conversion
The standard format can be converted to and from this XML format
without loss of any calendaring information. When the XML
representation was defined, every attempt was made to use existing
component, property and parameter naming conventions. This greatly
facilitates transformations between the two representations.
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2.3.2 Mixed Use of Both Representations
As previously indicated, conversion between the standard and XML
representations of iCalendar is a straightforward process. In
addition, mixed use of both representations is also possible.
With the use of the MIME multipart content-types, compound MIME
entities containing a mix of the standard and XML representations can
be specified. This capability is useful in applications where both
representations might be encountered. In addition, this capability
demonstrates the isomeric nature of the two representations. XML
applications conforming to this specification MUST be able to
properly parse and process a MIME multipart entity containing the
MIME type associated with this iCalendar XML document type.
Internet applications conforming to this memo MUST only send the
iCalendar XML document in a "multipart/alternative" MIME entity that
also contains an equivalent iCalendar object in the standard format
defined by [RFC2445]. This restriction will guarantee that the
iCalendar object can also be processed by Internet applications that
only support the standard iCalendar representation.
2.4 Using Data Types
Strong "data typing" is an integral design principle to the iCalendar
format. Strong data typing in iCalendar means that the format type
for each property value is well known. Within [RFC 2445], the data
type is called the "value type". The standard format defined by [RFC
2445] specifies a default value type for each calendar and component
property. In addition, many of the property definitions allow for
the specification of alternate value types. This XML representation
continues this design principle.
Explicit value/data typing in the XML representation is specified
with the "value" attribute on each element type. In addition, the
XML DTD specifies a default value/data type for each element type.
XML documents conforming to this memo need only specify the "value"
attribute on element types when the value needs to override the
default value/data type. The standard value types defined in
[RFC2445] are specified in the XML DTD by individual NOTATION
declarations. The formal public identifier for standard value types
all have the common string format of:
-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/xxx//EN
NOTE: The "XCAL" text in the FPI value will be replaced with the text
"RFC xxxx", where "xxxx" is the RFC number, when the memo is
published as a RFC.
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Where "xxx" is replaced with the text specified in the table below.
The following table specifies the XML value/data type that
corresponds to each of the standard value types defined in [RFC
2445].
+--------------+------------+-------------------------+
| RFC 2445 | XML Value | Notation FPI Text |
| Value Type | Type | |
+--------------+------------+-------------------------+
| BINARY | BINARY | Binary |
| BOOLEAN | BOOLEAN | Boolean |
| CALADR | CALADR | Calendar User Address |
| DATE | DATE | Date |
| DATE-TIME | DATE-TIME | Date-Time |
| DURATION | DURATION | Duration |
| FLOAT | FLOAT | Float |
| INTEGER | INTEGER | Integer |
| PERIOD | PERIOD | Period of Time |
| RECUR | RECUR | Recurrence Rule |
| TEXT | TEXT | Text |
| TIME | TIME | Time |
| URI | URI | URI |
| UTC-OFFSET | UTC-OFFSET | UTC-Offset |
| Non-standard | X-NAME | X-Name |
+--------------+------------+-------------------------+
Other standard XML data types can be specified by including a
NOTATION declaration that specifies the formal public identifier
associated with the other standard format. In addition, the name of
the format specified in the NOTATION declaration is specified in the
"value" attribute of any element type that caste to the other
standard format.
2.5 Including Binary Content
Binary content can be included in an iCalendar object with the
"ATTACH" component property. In the standard iCalendar format this
content may either be specified through an external entity reference,
using a URI value type, or maybe specified within the iCalendar
object, after first BASE64 encoding the content.
The XML representation for iCalendar also supports including binary
content in an iCalendar object with the "attach" element type. It
also supports either an external reference to the non-XML binary
content or inclusion of the binary content after first encoding the
binary information using the BASE64 encoding of [RFC 2045].
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Any iCalendar properties defined in [RFC 2445] that can be used to
include binary content are defined in the XML representation as an
element type with a content model that consists of either the
"extref" or the "b64bin" element type. The "extref" element type is
used to reference an external entity containing the binary content.
An external reference to the binary content is specified by the "uri"
attribute on the "extref" element type. For every external
reference, an ENTITY declaration and a corresponding NOTATION
declaration MUST also be specified in an internal DTD to identify the
location and format of the external entity. For example, the
following XML snippets would be needed to include a reference to the
executable "foo.exe" in the "attach" element type; which corresponds
to the "ATTACH" iCalendar component property:
<!-- Following specified within the internal DTD. -->
<!NOTATION EXE SYSTEM "Executable Module Format">
<!ENTITY attach-1 SYSTEM "http://host.com/bin/foo.exe" NDATA EXE>
<!-- Following specified within the body of the XML document. -->
<attach><extref uri="attach-1" /></attach>
The "b64bin" element type is used to include the binary content
within the XML document, after first character encoding the binary
information using the BASE64 encoding method of [RFC 2045]. For
example, the following XML snippets would be needed to include the
executable "foo.exe" in the "attach" element type; after first BASE64
encoding the binary information:
<!-- Following specified within the body of the XML document. -->
<attach><b64bin fmttype="APPLICATION/OCTET-STRING"> MIICajCC
AdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05l
dHNjYXBlIENvbW11bmljYXR5z...and so on...IENvcnBvc==</b64bin>
</attach>
2.6 Including Multiple iCalendar Objects
The iCalendar format has the capability for including multiple,
individual iCalendar objects in a single data stream. The XML
representation can support this also. Individual iCalendar objects
are specified by the "vcalendar" element type. One or more
"vcalendar" element types are permitted within the parent element
type, called "iCalendar". For example:
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<iCalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0">
<!-- remainder of the first vcalendar object -->
</vcalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0">
<!-- remainder of the second vcalendar object -->
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
2.7 Mapping Property Parameters to XML
The property parameters defined in the standard iCalendar format are
represented in the XML representation as an attribute on element
types. The following table specifies the attribute name
corresponding to each property parameter.
+----------------+----------------+-----------+-----------------+
| Property | Attribute | Attribute | Default |
| Parameter Name | Name | Type | Value |
+----------------+----------------+-----------+-----------------+
| ALTREP | altrep | ENTITY | IMPLIED |
| CN | cn | CDATA | Null String |
| CUTYPE | cutype | NMTOKEN | INDIVIDUAL |
| DELEGATED-FROM | delegated-from | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| DELEGATED-TO | delegated-to | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| DIR | dir | ENTITY | IMPLIED |
| ENCODING | Not Used | n/a | n/a |
| FMTTYPE | fmttype | CDATA | REQUIRED |
| FBTYPE | fbtype | NMTOKEN | BUSY |
| LANGUAGE | language | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| MEMBER | member | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| PARTSTAT | partstat | NMTOKEN | NEEDS-ACTION |
| RANGE | range | NMTOKEN | THISONLY |
| RELATED | related | NMTOKEN | START |
| RELTYPE | reltype | NMTOKEN | PARENT |
| ROLE | role | NMTOKEN | REQ-PARTICIPANT |
| RSVP | rsvp | NMTOKEN | FALSE |
| SENT-BY | sent-by | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| TZID | tzid | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| VALUE | value | NOTATION | See elements |
+----------------+----------------+-----------+-----------------+
The inline "ENCODING" property parameter is not needed in the XML
representation. Inline binary information is always included as
parsable character data, after first being encoded using the BASE64
encoding of [RFC 2045].
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The "RANGE" property parameter defined by [RFC 2445] does not include
the "THISONLY" enumeration. This is the implicit default, if the
parameter is not specified on the "RECURRENCE-ID" property. However,
the value is needed in the XML representation because all attributes
need to explicitly specify a default value in the attribute's
declaration in the DTD. This enumeration has been added to the XML
representation.
A non-standard, experimental parameter can be added to the XML
representation by declaring it in an ATTLIST declaration and
assigning it a XML attribute type and corresponding default value.
2.8 Mapping Calendar Properties to XML
Calendar properties defined in the standard iCalendar format provide
information about an iCalendar object, as a whole. The calendar
properties are represented in the XML representation as an attribute
on the "iCalendar" and the "vcalendar" element type. The following
table specifies the attribute name permitted on the "iCalendar"
element type.
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------------+
| Calendar | Attribute | Attribute | Default |
| Property Name | Name | Type | Value |
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------------+
| CALSCALE | calscale | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| METHOD | method | NMTOKEN | PUBLISH |
| VERSION | version | CDATA | REQUIRED |
| PRODID | prodid | CDATA | IMPLIED |
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------------+
In addition to these attributes, the "vcalendar" element type can
also have the following attributes:
+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------------+
| Attribute | Attribute | Default | Description |
| Name | Type | Value | |
+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------------+
| xmlns | CDATA | FIXED | Used to specify the default|
| | | | iCalendar XML name space. |
| xmlns: + | CDATA | FIXED | Used to specify the |
| <namespace| | | name space. |
| prefix> | | | |
+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------------+
The semantics of the "xmlns" attribute, and any attribute with
"xmlns:" as a prefix, is as specified in [XMLNS]. It is used to
declare a namespace in XML. It can be used to declare the iCalendar
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XML namespace in a XML document with a document type other than the
iCalendar XML document type. The iCalendar XML document type MUST
only use element types from the iCalendar namespace. Non-standard,
experimental element types and attributes lists MUST only be
specified by declarations in an internal DTD within the iCalendar XML
document. To specify the iCalendar namespace, the attribute value
for the "xmlns" and any attribute with the prefix "xmlns:" MUST be:
'http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt'
NOTE: This attribute value will be replaced with the URL "http://
www.ietf.org/rfc/rfcxxxx.txt", where "xxxx" is the RFC number, when
this memo is published as a RFC.
For example:
<iCalendar xmlns:iCalv3='http://www.ietf.org/internet-
drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt'>
<!-- the "iCalendar" prefix is bound to
'http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt'
for the "iCalendar" element and contents-->
</iCalendar>
The following table specifies the attribute name corresponding to
each calendar property. These attributes are only permitted on the
"vcalendar" element type.
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------------+
| Calendar | Attribute | Attribute | Default |
| Property Name | Name | Type | Value |
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------------+
| CALSCALE | calscale | CDATA | IMPLIED |
| METHOD | method | NMTOKEN | PUBLISH |
| VERSION | version | CDATA | REQUIRED |
| PRODID | prodid | CDATA | IMPLIED |
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------------+
The semantics for these attributes is as specified for the
corresponding calendar property in [RFC 2445].
The following table specifies additional attributes that are
permitted on the "vcalendar" element type.
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+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------------+
| Attribute | Attribute | Default | Description |
| Name | Type | Value | |
+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------------+
| language | CDATA | IMPLIED | Used to specify the default|
+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------------+
The "language" attribute permits the default language to be specified
for the whole iCalendar object. If the "language" attribute is
specified on the XML document, then if the XML representation is
converted into the standard format the "LANGUAGE" property parameter
MUST be specified on each TEXT valued property to prevent information
loss; when translating into the standard format.
2.9 Mapping Component Properties to XML
Component properties in the standard iCalendar format provide
calendar information about the calendar component. The component
properties defined in the standard iCalendar format are represented
in the XML representation as element types. The following tables
specify the element types corresponding to each of the properties in
the specified property category.
Descriptive Component Properties
+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------+
| ATTACH | attach | extref or b64bin |
| | extref | EMPTY |
| | b64bin | PCDATA |
| CATEGORIES | categories | Any number of item elements |
| | item | PCDATA |
| CLASS | class | PCDATA |
| COMMENT | comment | PCDATA |
| DESCRIPTION | description | PCDATA |
| GEO | geo | lat followed by lon element |
| | lat | PCDATA |
| | lon | PCDATA |
| LOCATION | location | PCDATA |
| PERCENT | percent | PCDATA |
| PRIORITY | priority | PCDATA |
| RESOURCES | resources | Any number of item elements |
| STATUS | status | PCDATA |
| SUMMARY | summary | PCDATA |
+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------+
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Date and Time Component Properties
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| COMPLETED | completed | PCDATA |
| DTEND | dtend | PCDATA |
| DUE | due | PCDATA |
| DTSTART | dtstart | PCDATA |
| DURATION | duration | PCDATA |
| FREEBUSY | freebusy | PCDATA |
| TRANSP | transp | PCDATA |
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
Time Zone Component Properties
+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------+
| TZID | tzid | PCDATA |
| TZNAME | tzname | PCDATA |
| TZOFFSETFROM | tzoffsetfrom| PCDATA |
| TZOFFSETTO | tzoffsetto | PCDATA |
| TZURL | tzurl | EMPTY |
+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------+
Relationship Component Properties
+----------------+---------------+--------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+---------------+--------------------------+
| ATTENDEE | attendee | PCDATA |
| CONTACT | contact | PCDATA |
| ORGANIZER | organizer | PCDATA |
| RECURRENCE-ID | recurrence-id | PCDATA |
| RELATED-TO | related-to | PCDATA |
| URL | url | EMPTY |
| UID | uid | PCDATA |
+----------------+---------------+--------------------------+
Recurrence Component Properties
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
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| EXDATE | exdate | PCDATA |
| EXRULE | exrule | PCDATA |
| RDATE | rdate | PCDATA |
| RRULE | rrule | PCDATA |
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
Alarm Component Properties
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| ACTION | action | PCDATA |
| REPEAT | repeat | PCDATA |
| TRIGGER | trigger | PCDATA |
+----------------+------------+-----------------------------+
Change Management Component Properties
+----------------+---------------+--------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+---------------+--------------------------+
| CREATED | created | PCDATA |
| DTSTAMP | dtstamp | PCDATA |
| LAST-MODIFIED | last-modified | PCDATA |
| SEQUENCE | sequence | PCDATA |
+----------------+---------------+--------------------------+
Miscellaneous Component Properties
+----------------+----------------+-------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+----------------+-------------------------+
| REQUEST-STATUS | request-status | PCDATA |
+----------------+----------------+-------------------------+
The following table specifies the element types that represent each
of the calendar components.
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Component Structuring Properties
+----------------+------------+-------------------------------+
| Component | Element | Element Content Model |
| Property Name | Name | |
+----------------+------------+-------------------------------+
| Multiple iCal- | iCalendar | One or more iCal elements |
| endar objects | | |
| VCALENDAR | vcalendar | calcomp parameter entity |
| VEVENT | vevent | vevent.opt1 and vevent.optm |
| | | parameter entity and valarm |
| | | element |
| VTODO | vtodo | vtodo.opt1 and vtodo.optm |
| | | parameter entity and valarm |
| | | element |
| VJOURNAL | vjournal | vjournal.opt1 and |
| | | vjournal.optm parameter |
| | | entity |
| VFREEBUSY | vfreebusy | vfreebusy.opt1 and |
| | | vfreebusy.optm parameter |
| | | entity |
| VTIMEZONE | vtimezone | vtimezone.man, |
| | | vtimezone.opt1, |
| | | vtimezone.mann parameter |
| | | entity |
| STANDARD | standard | standard.man or standard.optm |
| | | entity |
| DAYLIGHT | daylight | daylight.man or daylight.optm |
| | | entity |
| VALARM | valarm | valarm.audio, valarm.display, |
| | | valarm.email and |
| | | valarm.procedure entity |
+----------------+------------+-------------------------------+
The [RFC 2445] specification specifies that the equivalent component
properties to the "comment", "description", "location", "summary" and
"contact" element types can contain formatted content, such as is
specified by multiple lines of text. In such cases, the formatted
text should be specified in as CDATA Section content. The CDATA
section specifies arbitrary character data that is not meant to be
interpretted. It is not scanned for markup by the XML parser. The
CDATA Section in these element types MUST NOT contain markup or other
such alternate representation of the property value. The "altrep"
attribute is used to reference any such alternate representation for
the textual content of these element types.
2.10 Parameter Entities
The external, iCalendar XML DTD specified in section 3 makes use of
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parameter entity declarations. This XML feature is used to group
declarations within the DTD. This technique has been used in DTD
design in order to facilitate the reading and comprehension of the
structure specified by the DTD.
2.11 Namespace
[XMLNS] defines "Namespaces in XML" to be a collection of names,
identified by a URI, which are used in XML documents as element types
and attribute names. The [XML] specification does not include a
definition for namespaces, but does set down some guidelines for
experimental naming of namespaces.
XML namespaces allow multiple markup vocabulary in a single document.
Considering the utility of the iCalendar properties in other
applications, it is important for the iCalendar XML DTD to define a
namespace for the iCalendar element types.
This memo defines the value that MUST be used in non-iCalendar XML
documents that reference element types or attribute lists from the
iCalendar namespace.
The following is an example of a well-formed but invalid "xdoc"
document type that includes elements and attribute lists from the
iCalendar namespace:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xdoc>
<xCal:xCal version="3.0" xmlns:xCal="http://www.ietf.org/internet
-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt">
<!-- Remainder of the XML document, each element from the -->
<!-- iCalendar namespace with the "xCal:" prefix. -->
</xCal:xCal>
</xdoc>
2.12 Emailing the iCalendar XML Representation
It is expected that iCalendar XML documents will need to be sent over
SMTP/MIME email. The "text/xml" and "application/xml" content-types
have been registered for XML documents. However, use of these
content-type definitions present some problems for XML applications
such as calendaring and scheduling.
The "text/xml" and "application/xml" content-type definitions do not
provide for any header field parameters to identify the type of XML
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document contained in the MIME entity. This means that a recipient
mail user agent must (MUA) open up each "text/xml" or "application/
xml" content in order to determine what object handler is needed to
process the information. To a MUA, all XML documents look like just
plain "text/xml" or "application/xml" content.
Additionally, it is accepted practice for a MUA to provide iconic
feedback to the user for individual content-types that are supported
by the MUA. For example, not only would feedback be provided for a
calendaring and scheduling content. Some further unique
identification would also be provided for each different scheduling
message; such as a meeting invitation, response to an invitation,
reschedule notice, cancellation notice, etc. In such cases,
acceptable performance by the MUA is dependent on the existence of
header field information, such as it provided in the definition of
the "text/calendar" content-type by [RFC 2445].
Internet application conforming to this memo MUST identify iCalendar
XML documents with the experimental content-type "application/
calendar+xml". The content-type header field SHOULD also contain a
"component" and "method" parameter to clearly identify a comma-
separated list of components and the singular method used in the
iCalendar XML document. For example, an iCalendar XML document
specifying a REQUEST for a VEVENT and VTODO would be specified with
the following content-type header field:
content-type:application/calendar+xml;method=REQUEST;component=VEVENT,VTODO
The content-type can also include the "optinfo" parameter to specify
any other optional iCalendar information. The semantics of these
content-type parameters is as defined in [RFC 2445].
Internet applications conforming to this memo MUST only send the
iCalendar XML document in a "multipart/alternative" MIME entity that
also contains an equivalent iCalendar object in the standard format
defined by [RFC 2445]. This restrict will guarantee that the
iCalendar object can also be processed by internet applications that
only support the standard iCalendar format.
An XML application supporting the iCalendar XML document type MUST be
able to receive and properly process the "application/calendar+xml"
document contained within a "multipart" message content-type.
2.13 iCalendar XML Representation and File Systems
The iCalendar XML documents will be stored in file systems. The
accepted practice for file extensions for XML documents is the text
"XML". However, in order to uniquely identify iCalendar XML
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documents for file association with applications that can directly
process this document type, it is RECOMMENDED that the file extension
be the text "XCS".
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3. Example Usage
The following sections provide various examples of iCalendar XML
documents.
3.1 A well-formed and valid iCalendar XML document
The following is a simple example of a iCalendar XML document. This
document is both a well-formed and valid XML document. The iCalendar
object specifies an appointment.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD XCAL/iCalendar XML//EN"
"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt">
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="PUBLISH"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//HandGen//NONSGML vGen v1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19981116T150000@cal10.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19981116T145958Z</dtstamp>
<summary>Project XYZ Review</summary>
<location>Conference Room 23A</location>
<dtstart>19981116T163000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19981116T190000Z</dtend>
<categories>
<item>Appointment</item>
</categories>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.2 Adding non-standard, experimental extensions
The following is an example of a valid iCalendar XML document that
also includes a non-standard, experimental extension, as provided for
by [RFC 2445]. The iCalendar object specifies the publication of a
to-do with a non-standard experimental property for a customer charge
code.
The non-standard experimental property is identified by the "X-"
prefix to the element name. All non-standard properties MUST be
specified with element types with an "X-" type element name. In
addition, a text identifier for the vendor specifying the extension
SHOULD be appended to the "X-" text prefix. In this case, the
example specifies a "foo" for the name of the vendor specifying the
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non- standard property.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD XCAL/iCalendar XML//EN"
"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt"
[
<!ELEMENT vtodo ((class | completed | created | description | dtstamp
| dtstart | geo | last-modified | location | organizer | percent | priority |
recurrence-id | sequence | status | summary | uid | url | (due | duration))*,
(attach | attendee | categories | comment | contact | exdate | exrule
| request-status | related-to | resources | rdate | rrule | x-foo-cust-code)*,
(valarm)*)>
<!ELEMENT x-foo-cust-code (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST x-foo-cust-code value NOTATION (X-NAME) #IMPLIED>
]>
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="PUBLISH"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//HandGen//NONSGML vGen v1.0//EN">
<vtodo>
<uid>19981104T130000@cal1.host.com </uid>
<dtstamp>19981104T125957Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart>19981105T133000Z</dtstart>
<due>19981106T133000Z</due>
<summary>Draft a test plan</summary>
<x-foo-cust-code>1998-ABC Corp-1234</x-foo-cust-code>
<priority>1</priority>
</vtodo>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.3 Including binary content in attachments
The following is an example of a valid iCalendar XML document that
also includes an external reference to an attachment. The iCalendar
object specifies a meeting invitation with an attachment.
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD XCAL/iCalendar XML//EN"
"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt"
[
<!ENTITY attach1 SYSTEM "http://host.com/pub/photos/holiday.jpg"
NDATA JPEG>
<!NOTATION JPEG PUBLIC "ISO/IEC 10918:1993//NOTATION Digital
Compression and Coding of Continuous-tone Still Images (JPEG)//EN" >
]>
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="REQUEST"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//HandGen//NONSGML vGen v1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19981211T133000@cal1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19981211T132928Z</dtstamp>
<organizer>jim@host.com</organizer>
<dtstart>19981212T150000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19981212T160000Z</dtend>
<summary>Department Meeting</summary>
<location>Conference Room 23A</location>
<attendee role="CHAIR">jim@host.com</attendee>
<attendee role="REQ-PART"
rsvp="TRUE">MAILTO:joe@host.com</attendee>
<attendee role="REQ-PART"
rsvp="TRUE">MAILTO:steve@host.com</attendee>
<attach><extref uri="attach1" /></attach>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
The following is an example of a well-formed and valid iCalendar XML
document that includes an attachment as inline binary content. The
iCalendar object specifies a meeting invitation with an attachment.
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD XCAL/iCalendar XML//EN"
"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt">
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="REQUEST"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//HandGen//NONSGML vGen v1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19981211T133000@cal1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19981211T132928Z</dtstamp>
<organizer>MAILTO:jim@host.com</organizer>
<dtstart>19981212T150000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19981212T160000Z</dtend>
<summary>Department Meeting</summary>
<location>Conference Room 23A</location>
<attendee role="CHAIR">MAILTO:jim@host.com</attendee>
<attendee role="REQ-PART"
rsvp="TRUE">MAILTO:joe@host.com</attendee>
<attendee role="REQ-PART"
rsvp="TRUE">MAILTO:steve@host.com</attendee>
<attach><b64bin fmttype="IMAGE/JPEG">MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgI
CBEUwDQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXB
lIEjYXRpb25z...and so on...IENvcnBvc==</b64bin></attach>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.4 iCalendar XML document with multiple iCalendar objects
The following is an example of a well-formed and valid iCalendar XML
document that includes more than one iCalendar object.
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD XCAL/iCalendar XML//EN"
"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt">
<iCalendar annotation="IT Conference Prep">
<vcalendar method="PUBLISH"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//HandGen//NONSGML vGen v1.0//EN">
<vtodo>
<uid>19981009T233000@cal1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19981009T232928Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart>19981010T000000Z</dtstart>
<due>19981010T235959Z</due>
<summary>Register for conference</summary>
<priority>2</priority>
</vtodo>
</vcalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0"
prodid="-//HandGen//NONSGML vGen v1.0//EN"
method="PUBLISH">
<vevent>
<uid>19981009T233010@cal1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19981009T233000Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart>19981120T133000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19981122T183000Z</dtend>
<summary>IT Conference</summary>
<location>Downtowner Hotel</location>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.5 Using the iCalendar namespace
The following is an example of a snippet of a XML document that
includes elements from the iCalendar name-space.
<x xmlns:xcal="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt"
xmlns:pdi="http://pdi.org/schema">
<xcal:dtstart>19981123T133000Z</xcal:dtstart>
<xcal:dtend>19981123T203000Z</xcal:dtend>
<pdi:idnum>1234567</pdi:idnum>
<pdi:usage>999.99</pdi:usage>
</x>
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3.6 Publish meeting information
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that
publishes information about a meeting. The "method" attribute isn't
specified since it is the default value.
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19970901T130000Z-123401@host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19970901T130000Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart>19970903T163000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19970903T190000Z</dtend>
<summary>Annual Employee Review</summary>
<class>PRIVATE</class>
<categories>
<item>Business</item>
<item>Human Resources</item>
</categories>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.7 Publish transparent annual event
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that
publishes information about an annually repeating event that is
transparent to busy time searches.
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<iCalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19990101T125957Z-123403@host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19990101T130000Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart value="DATE">19991102</dtstart>
<dtend value="DATE">19991102</dtend>
<summary>Our Blissful Anniversary</summary>
<class>CONFIDENTIAL</class>
<transp>TRANSPARENT</transp>
<categories>
<item>Anniversary</item>
<item>Personal</item>
<item>Special Occasion</item>
</categories>
<rrule>FREQ=YEARLY</rrule>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.8 Meeting invitation
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that
specifies an invitation for a meeting. The meeting occurs on the
first Monday of each year for five years.
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<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="REQUEST"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19981220T130000Z-123403@host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19981220T130050Z</dtstamp>
<organizer>MAILTO:corprel@host.com</organizer>
<dtstart>19990104T140000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19990104T220000Z</dtend>
<summary>Annual Stockholders Meeting</summary>
<location>One Corporate Drive, Wilmington, DL</location>
<attendee role="CHAIR">MAILTO:mrbig@host.com</attendee>
<attendee cutype="GROUP"
rsvp="TRUE">MAILTO:stockholders@host.com</attendee>
<categories>
<item>Business</item>
<item>Meeting</item>
<item>Special Occasion</item>
</categories>
<rrule>FREQ=YEARLY;COUNT=5;BYDAY=1MO</rrule>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.9 Assign a to-do
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that assigns
a to-do.
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<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="REQUEST"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vtodo>
<uid>19990104T133402@ical1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19990104T133410Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart value="DATE">19990104</dtstart>
<due value="DATE">19990129</due>
<organizer>MAILTO:dboss@host.com</organizer>
<summary>Periodic Self Review</summary>
<description>Complete your self review.
Contact me if you questions.</description>
<priority>1</priority>
<class>CONFIDENTIAL</class>
<attendee>MAILTO:dilbert@host.com</attendee>
</vtodo>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.10 Publish a journal entry
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that
publishes a journal entry.
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="PUBLISH"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vjournal>
<uid>19990104T170003@ical1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19990104T170001Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart value="DATE">19990104</dtstart>
<organizer>MAILTO:corprel@host.com</organizer>
<class>PUBLIC</class>
<description>Year end report for Worldwide Calendar Company
The complete report can be found at the Corporate website.
http://www.host.com/annualreport</description>
<categories>
<item>Annual Report</item>
<item>Business</item>
</categories>
</vjournal>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
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3.11 Publish busy time
The following is an iCalendar XML document that publishes busy time
information. The default value for the "method" attribute is
"PUBLISH" and does not need to be specified in this example.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar SYSTEM "xcal.dtd" [
<!ENTITY jsmith.ifb SYSTEM
"http://www.host.com/calendar/busytime/jsmith.ifb" NDATA BINARY>
]>
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vfreebusy>
<uid>19980313T133000@ical1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19990104T133010Z</dtstamp>
<organizer>MAILTO:jsmith@host.com</organizer>
<dtstart>19980313T141711Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19980410T141711Z</dtend>
<url uri="jsmith.ifb" />
<freebusy>19980314T233000Z/19980315T003000Z</freebusy>
<freebusy>19980316T153000Z/19980316T163000Z</freebusy>
<freebusy>19980318T030000Z/19980318T040000Z</freebusy>
</vfreebusy>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.12 Request busy time
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that requests
a calendar user's busy time information.
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<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="REQUEST"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vfreebusy>
<uid>19970901T083000@ical1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19970901T083000Z</dtstamp>
<organizer>MAILTO:jane_doe@host1.com</organizer>
<dtstart>19971015T050000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19971016T050000Z</dtend>
<attendee>MAILTO:john_public@host2.com</attendee>
</vfreebusy>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.13 Response to a busy time request
The following is an iCalendar XML document that responds to request
for busy time information.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar SYSTEM "xcal.dtd" [
<!ENTITY jpublic-01.ifb SYSTEM "http://host2.com/pub/busy/jpublic-
01.ifb" NDATA BINARY>
]>
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar method="REPLY"
version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vfreebusy>
<uid>19970901T083000@ical1.host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19970901T100000Z</dtstamp>
<organizer>MAILTO:jane_doe@host1.com</organizer>
<url uri="jpublic-01.ifb" />
<attendee>MAILTO:john_public@host2.com</attendee>
<freebusy value="PERIOD">19971015T050000Z/PT8H30M,
19971015T160000Z/PT5H30M,19971015T223000Z/PT6H30M</freebusy>
</vfreebusy>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.14 Published event that references time zone information
The following is a snippet of an iCalendar XML document that
publishes calendar information about an event that includes date/time
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values that reference a time zone definition.
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vtimezone>
<tzid>US-Eastern</tzid>
<standard>
<dtstart>19981025T020000</dtstart>
<tzoffsetfrom>-0400</tzoffsetfrom>
<tzoffsetto>0500</tzoffsetto>
<rdate>19981025T020000</rdate>
<tzname>EST</tzname>
</standard>
<daylight>
<dtstart>19990404T020000</dtstart>
<tzoffsetfrom>-0500</tzoffsetfrom>
<tzoffsetto>-0400</tzoffsetto>
<rdate>19990404T020000</rdate>
<tzname>EDT</tzname>
</daylight>
</vtimezone>
<vevent>
<dtstamp>19980309T231000Z</dtstamp>
<uid>guid-1.host1.com</uid>
<dtstart tzid="US-Eastern">19980312T083000</dtstart>
<dtend tzid="US-Eastern">19980312T093000</dtend>
<organizer>MAILTO:mrbig@host.com</organizer>
<description>Project XYZ Review Meeting</description>
<class>PUBLIC</class>
<summary>XYZ Project Review</summary>
<location>1CP Conference Room 4350</location>
<categories>
<item>Meeting</item>
</categories>
<attendee rsvp="TRUE"
role="REQ-PART"
cutype="GROUP">MAILTO:employee-@host.com
</attendee>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
3.15 An event with an alarm
The following is an iCalendar XML with associated alarms. The event
specifies alarm definitions for a "display", "audio", "email" and
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"procedure" type of alarms. The "method" attribute isn't specified
since it is the default value.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE iCalendar PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD XCAL/iCalendar XML//EN"
"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt"
[
<!ENTITY boom SYSTEM "ftp://host.com/sounds/cannon.wav" NDATA wave>
<!NOTATION wave SYSTEM "WAVE Audio Format">
<!ENTITY doit SYSTEM "http://procs.host.com/litesout.exe" NDATA
binary>
<!NOTATION binary SYSTEM "Foo Bar Executable Format">
]>
<iCalendar>
<vcalendar version="2.0"
prodid="-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML 1.0//EN">
<vevent>
<uid>19990104T130000@host.com</uid>
<dtstamp>19990104T130100Z</dtstamp>
<dtstart>19990704T230000Z</dtstart>
<dtend>19970705T040000Z</dtend>
<summary>Firework Celebration</summary>
<categories>
<item>Holiday</item>
<item>Special Occasion</item>
</categories>
<valarm>
<action>DISPLAY</action>
<description>Firework Celebration Tonight at
6 PM !!!</description>
<trigger>19990704T224500Z</trigger>
<repeat>2</repeat>
<duration>PT15M</duration>
</valarm>
<valarm>
<action>AUDIO</action>
<trigger>19990704T224500Z</trigger>
<repeat>2</repeat>
<duration>PT15M</duration>
<attach><extref uri="boom"/></attach>
</valarm>
<valarm>
<action>EMAIL</action>
<description>Firework Celebration Tonight
at 6 PM on Channel 6!!!</description>
<summary>*** Firework Celebration On TV ***</summary>
<trigger>19990704T224500Z</trigger>
<attendee>MAILTO:PIN1234@pager.host.com</attendee>
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</valarm>
<valarm>
<action>PROCEDURE</action>
<attach><extref uri="doit"/></attach>
<trigger>19990704T230000Z</trigger>
</valarm>
</vevent>
</vcalendar>
</iCalendar>
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4. iCalendar XML Document Type Definition
The following DTD conforms to XML version 1.0, as specified by [XML].
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ******************* -->
<!-- Entity declarations -->
<!-- ******************* -->
<!ENTITY % attr.altrep "
altrep ENTITY #IMPLIED
">
<!ENTITY % attr.cn "
cn CDATA ''
">
<!ENTITY % attr.cutype "
cutype NMTOKEN 'INDIVIDUAL'
">
<!-- Valid name tokens are "INDIVIDUAL", "GROUP", "RESOURCE" -->
<!-- "ROOM", "UNKNOWN", a non-standard "X-" name or another -->
<!-- IANA registered name. -->
<!ENTITY % attr.delegated-from "
delegated-from CDATA #IMPLIED
">
<!-- delegated-from value is a calendar user address -->
<!ENTITY % attr.delegated-to "
delegated-to CDATA #IMPLIED
">
<!-- delegated-to value is one or more calendar user addresses -->
<!ENTITY % attr.dir "
dir ENTITY #IMPLIED
">
<!-- dir value is a URI to a directory entry -->
<!ENTITY % attr.fmttype "
fmttype CDATA #REQUIRED
">
<!-- fmttype value is any IANA registered content type -->
<!ENTITY % attr.fbtype "
fbtype NMTOKEN 'BUSY'
">
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<!-- Valid token values are "FREE", "BUSY", "BUSY-UNAVAILABLE", -->
<!-- "BUSY-TENTATIVE", a non-standard "X-" name or another -->
<!-- IANA registered name. -->
<!ENTITY % attr.language "
language CDATA #IMPLIED
">
<!-- language value is a valid RFC 1766 language string -->
<!ENTITY % attr.member "
member CDATA #IMPLIED
">
<!-- member value is one or more calendar user addresses -->
<!ENTITY % attr.partstat "
partstat NMTOKEN 'NEEDS-ACTION'
">
<!-- Valid token value for VEVENT: "NEEDS-ACTION", "ACCEPTED", -->
<!-- "DECLINED", "TENTATIVE", "DELEGATED", a non-standard "X- -->
<!-- name or another IANA registered name. -->
<!-- Valid token value for VTODO: "NEEDS-ACTION", "ACCEPTED", -->
<!-- "DECLINED", "TENTATIVE", "DELEGATED", "COMPLETED", -->
<!-- "IN-PROGRESS, a non-standard "X- name or another IANA -->
<!-- registered name. -->
<!-- Valid token value for VJOURNAL: "NEEDS-ACTION", "ACCEPTED", -->
<!-- "DECLINED", a non-standard "X- name or another IANA -->
<!-- registered name. -->
<!ENTITY % attr.range "
range NMTOKEN 'THISONLY'
">
<!-- Valid token values are "THISONLY" or "THISANDPRIOR" or -->
<!-- "THISANDFUTURE" -->
<!ENTITY % attr.related "
related NMTOKEN 'START'
">
<!-- Valid token values are "START" or "END" -->
<!ENTITY % attr.reltype "
reltype NMTOKEN 'PARENT'
">
<!-- Valid token values are "PARENT", "CHILD", SIBLING", -->
<!-- a non-standard "X-" name or any IANA registered name. -->
<!ENTITY % attr.role "
role NMTOKEN 'REQ-PARTICIPANT'
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">
<!-- Valid token values are "CHAIR", "REQ-PARTICIPANT", -->
<!-- "OPT-PARTICIPANT", "NON-PARTICIPANT", a non-standard "X-" -->
<!-- name or any IANA registered name. -->
<!ENTITY % attr.rsvp "
rsvp NMTOKEN 'FALSE'
">
<!-- Valid token values are "TRUE" or "FALSE", -->
<!ENTITY % attr.sent-by "
sent-by CDATA #IMPLIED
">
<!-- sent-by value is a calendar user address -->
<!ENTITY % attr.tzid "
tzid CDATA #IMPLIED
">
<!-- tzid value is a time zone identifier -->
<!ENTITY % cal.comp "
vevent | vtodo | vjournal | vfreebusy | vtimezone
">
<!ENTITY % vevent.opt1 "
class | created | description | dtstamp | dtstart | geo |
last-modified | location | organizer | priority | recurrence-id |
sequence | status | summary | transp | uid | url |
(dtend | duration)
">
<!-- These properties may only appear once in a VEVENT -->
<!ENTITY % vevent.optm "
attach | attendee | categories | comment | contact |
exdate | exrule | rdate | related-to | resources | request-status |
rrule
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in a VEVENT -->
<!ENTITY % vtodo.opt1 "
class | completed | created | description | dtstamp | dtstart |
geo | last-modified | location | organizer | percent | priority |
recurrence-id | sequence | status | summary | uid | url |
(due | duration)
">
<!-- These properties may only appear once in a VTODO -->
<!ENTITY % vtodo.optm "
attach | attendee | categories | comment | contact |
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exdate | exrule | request-status | related-to | resources |
rdate | rrule
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in a VTODO -->
<!ENTITY % vjournal.opt1 "
class | created | description | dtstart | dtstamp | last-modified |
organizer | recurrence-id | sequence | status | summary | uid | url
">
<!-- These properties may only appear once in a VJOURNAL -->
<!ENTITY % vjournal.optm "
attach | attendee | categories | comment | contact |
exdate | exrule | related-to | rdate | rrule | request-status
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in a VJOURNAL -->
<!ENTITY % vfreebusy.opt1 "
contact | dtstamp | dtstart | dtend | duration |
organizer | uid | url
">
<!-- These properties may only appear once in a VFREEBUSY -->
<!ENTITY % vfreebusy.optm "
attendee | comment | freebusy | request-status
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in a -->
<!-- VFREEBUSY -->
<!ENTITY % vtimezone.man "
tzid
">
<!-- These properties must appear in a VTIMEZONE -->
<!ENTITY % vtimezone.opt1 "
last-modified | tzurl
">
<!-- These properties may only appear once in a VTIMEZONE -->
<!ENTITY % vtimezone.mann "
(standard | daylight), (standard | daylight)*
">
<!-- These properties must appear in a VTIMEZONE and may -->
<!-- appear multiple times -->
<!ENTITY % standard.man "
dtstart | tzoffsetto | tzoffsetfrom
">
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<!-- These properties must appear in a STANDARD, but only once -->
<!ENTITY % standard.optm "
comment | rdate | rrule | tzname
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in a STANDARD -->
<!ENTITY % daylight.man "
dtstart | tzoffsetto | tzoffsetfrom
">
<!-- These properties must appear in a DAYLIGHT, but only once -->
<!ENTITY % daylight.optm "
comment | rdate | rrule | tzname
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in a DAYLIGHT -->
<!ENTITY % audio.man "
action, trigger
">
<!-- These properties must appear in an audio VALARM. -->
<!ENTITY % audio.optx "
duration | repeat
">
<!-- These properties may appear once in an audio VALARM. If one -->
<!-- appears, then both must appear. -->
<!ENTITY % audio.opt1 "
attach
">
<!-- These properties may appear once in an audio VALARM. -->
<!ENTITY % valarm.audio "
(%audio.man;), (%audio.optx;)*, (%audio.opt1;)
">
<!ENTITY % display.man "
action, description, trigger
">
<!-- These properties must appear in a display VALARM. -->
<!ENTITY % display.optx "
duration | repeat
">
<!-- These properties may appear once in a display VALARM. If -->
<!-- one appears, then both must appear. -->
<!ENTITY % valarm.display "
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(%display.man;), (%display.optx;)*
">
<!ENTITY % email.man "
action, description, summary, trigger
">
<!-- These properties must appear in an email VALARM. -->
<!ENTITY % email.optx "
duration | repeat
">
<!-- These properties may appear once in an email VALARM. If one -->
<!-- appears, then both must appear. -->
<!ENTITY % email.optm "
attach
">
<!-- These properties may appear one or more times in an email -->
<!-- VALARM. -->
<!ENTITY % email.mann "
attendee
">
<!-- These properties must appear in an email VALARM. The may -->
<!-- appear more than once. -->
<!ENTITY % valarm.email "
(%email.man;), (%email.optx;)*, (%email.optm;)*,
(%email.mann;)*
">
<!ENTITY % procedure.man "
action, attach, trigger
">
<!-- These properties must appear in an audio VALARM. -->
<!ENTITY % procedure.optx "
duration | repeat
">
<!-- These properties may appear once in an procedure VALARM. -->
<!-- If one appears, then both must appear. -->
<!ENTITY % procedure.opt1 "
description
">
<!-- These properties may appear once in a procedure VALARM -->
<!ENTITY % valarm.procedure "
(%procedure.man;), (%procedure.optx;)*, (%procedure.opt1;)?
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">
<!-- ******************************************** -->
<!-- iCalendar value type notation declarations -->
<!-- ******************************************** -->
<!-- NOTE: The "XCAL" text in the following NOTATION values
will be replaced with the text "RFC xxxx", where "xxxx" is the RFC
number, when this memo is published as a RFC. -->
<!NOTATION BINARY PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Binary//EN">
<!NOTATION BOOLEAN PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Boolean//EN">
<!NOTATION CALADR PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Calendar
User Address//EN">
<!NOTATION DATE PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Date//EN">
<!NOTATION DATE-TIME PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value
Type/Date-Time//EN">
<!NOTATION DURATION PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value
Type/Duration//EN">
<!NOTATION FLOAT PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Float//EN">
<!NOTATION INTEGER PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Integer//EN">
<!NOTATION PERIOD PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value
Type/Period of Time//EN">
<!NOTATION RECUR PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value
Type/Recurrence Rule//EN">
<!NOTATION TEXT PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Text//EN">
<!NOTATION TIME PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/Time//EN">
<!NOTATION URI PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/URI//EN">
<!NOTATION UTC-OFFSET PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value
Type/UTC-Offset//EN">
<!NOTATION X-NAME PUBLIC "-//IETF//NOTATION XCAL/Value Type/X-Name//EN">
<!-- ************************************************* -->
<!-- iCalendar property element/attribute declarations -->
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<!-- ************************************************* -->
<!ELEMENT br EMPTY>
<!-- Signifies a new line in the TEXT value content information -->
<!-- Description component properties element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT attach (extref | b64bin)>
<!-- extref holds a reference to an external entity that -->
<!-- has the attachment. b64bin holds the inline BASE64 encoded -->
<!-- binary data for the attachment as defined in RFC 2045. -->
<!ELEMENT extref EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST extref
uri ENTITY #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT b64bin (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST b64bin
%attr.fmttype;
value NOTATION (BINARY) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT categories (item)*>
<!ELEMENT item (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST item
%attr.language;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT class (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST class
%attr.language;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT comment (#PCDATA)*>
<!ATTLIST comment
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT description (#PCDATA)*>
<!ATTLIST description
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT geo (lat, lon)>
<!ELEMENT lat (#PCDATA)>
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<!ATTLIST lat value NOTATION (FLOAT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- A decimal degree float number to 6 decimal places -->
<!ELEMENT lon (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST lon value NOTATION (FLOAT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- A decimal degree float number to 6 decimal places -->
<!ELEMENT location (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST location
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT percent (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST percent
value NOTATION (INTEGER) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT priority (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST priority
value NOTATION (INTEGER) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT resources (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST resources
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST status
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- Text value must match the valid values for the particular -->
<!-- calendar component. -->
<!ELEMENT summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST summary
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED >
<!-- Data and time component property element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT dtstart (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST dtstart
%attr.tzid;
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME | DATE) "DATE-TIME">
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<!ELEMENT dtend (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST dtend
%attr.tzid;
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME | DATE) "DATE-TIME">
<!ELEMENT due (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST due
%attr.tzid;
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME | DATE) "DATE-TIME">
<!ELEMENT completed (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST completed
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT duration (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST duration
value NOTATION (DURATION) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT freebusy (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST freebusy
%attr.fbtype;
value NOTATION (PERIOD) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT transp (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST transp
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- Text value must be one of the valid enumerations. -->
<!-- Time zone component property element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT tzid (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST tzid
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT tzname (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST tzname
%attr.language;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT tzoffsetfrom (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST tzoffsetfrom
value NOTATION (UTC-OFFSET) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT tzoffsetto (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST tzoffsetto
value NOTATION (UTC-OFFSET) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT tzurl EMPTY>
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<!ATTLIST tzurl
uri ENTITY #REQUIRED>
<!-- Relationship component property element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT attendee (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST attendee
%attr.language;
%attr.cn;
%attr.role;
%attr.partstat;
%attr.rsvp;
%attr.cutype;
%attr.member;
%attr.delegated-to;
%attr.delegated-from;
%attr.sent-by;
%attr.dir;
value NOTATION (CALADR) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT contact (#PCDATA)*>
<!ATTLIST contact
%attr.language;
%attr.altrep;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT organizer (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST organizer
%attr.language;
%attr.cn;
%attr.sent-by;
%attr.dir;
value NOTATION (CALADR) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT recurrence-id (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST recurrence-id
%attr.tzid;
%attr.range;
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME | DATE) "DATE-TIME">
<!ELEMENT related-to (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST related-to
%attr.reltype;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT url EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST url
uri ENTITY #REQUIRED>
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<!ELEMENT uid (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST uid
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- Recurrence component property element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT exdate (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST exdate
%attr.tzid;
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME | DATE) "DATE-TIME">
<!ELEMENT exrule (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST exrule
value NOTATION (RECUR) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT rdate (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST rdate
%attr.tzid;
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME | DATE) "DATE-TIME">
<!ELEMENT rrule (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST rrule
value NOTATION (RECUR) #IMPLIED>
<!-- Alarm component property element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT action (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST action
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- Text value must be a valid enumeration -->
<!ELEMENT repeat (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST repeat
value NOTATION (INTEGER) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT trigger (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST trigger
%attr.related-to;
value NOTATION (DURATION | DATE-TIME) "DURATION">
<!-- Change management component property element type -->
<!-- declarations -->
<!ELEMENT created (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST created
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT dtstamp (#PCDATA)>
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<!ATTLIST dtstamp
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT last-modified (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST last-modified
value NOTATION (DATE-TIME) #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT sequence (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST sequence
value NOTATION (INTEGER) #IMPLIED>
<!-- Miscellaneous component property element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT request-status (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST request-status
%attr.language;
value NOTATION (TEXT) #IMPLIED>
<!-- iCalendar object element type declarations -->
<!ELEMENT iCalendar (vcalendar+)>
<!ELEMENT vcalendar (%cal.comp;)*>
<!ATTLIST vcalendar
%attr.language;
xmlns CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-
ietf-calsch-many-xcal-01.txt'
calscale CDATA "GREGORIAN"
method CDATA "PUBLISH"
version CDATA #REQUIRED
prodid CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!-- version - Must be "2.0" if document conforms to this spec. -->
<!-- calscale - Calendar scale. Default is GREGORIAN. -->
<!-- method - C&S method. Default is iTIP PUBLISH. -->
<!-- prodid - ISO 9070 FPI for product that generated iCalendar. -->
<!-- "vevent" element type declaration -->
<!ELEMENT vevent ((%vevent.opt1;)*, (%vevent.optm;)*, valarm*)>
<!-- "vtodo" element type declaration -->
<!ELEMENT vtodo ((%vtodo.opt1;)*, (%vtodo.optm;)*, valarm*)>
<!-- "vjournal" element type declaration -->
<!ELEMENT vjournal ((%vjournal.opt1;)*, (%vjournal.optm;)*)>
<!-- "vfreebusy" element type declaration -->
<!ELEMENT vfreebusy ((%vfreebusy.opt1;)*, (%vfreebusy.optm;)*)>
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<!-- "vtimezone" element type declaration -->
<!ELEMENT vtimezone (%vtimezone.man;, (%vtimezone.opt1;)*,
(%vtimezone.mann;)*)>
<!ELEMENT standard (((%standard.man;)*), (%standard.optm;)*)>
<!ELEMENT daylight (((%daylight.man;)*), (%daylight.optm;)*)>
<!ELEMENT valarm ((%valarm.audio;) | (%valarm.display;) |
(%valarm.email;) | (%valarm.procedure;))>
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5. Acknowledgments
The following have participated in the drafting and discussion of
this memo:
Greg FitzPatrick, Charles Goldfarb, Paul Hoffman, Lisa Lippert,
Thomas Rowe.
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6. IANA Considerations
This document defines a XML Formal Public Identifier (FPI), based on
a format defined in [ISO 9070], that identifies a XML document type
corresponding to this memo. Publication of this memo constitutes
registration of this identifier.
In addition, this memo defines the XML FPIs corresponding to each of
the value types specified in [RFC 2445].
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7. Security Considerations
CDATA Sections - - A XML iCalendar document may contain CDATA
sections to represent content for specific element types. The CDATA
section specifies arbitrary character data that is not meant to be
interpretted. It is not scanned by the XML parser for markup. While
this memo restricts that any CDATA section MUST NOT contain markup or
other such alternate representation for the property value, in
general, CDATA section from a non-conformant implementation can
contain content such as HTML markup. HTML text can be used to invoke
programs. Implementors should be aware that this may leave an
implementation open to malicious attack that might occur as a result
of executing the markup in the CDATA section.
PROCEDURAL ALARMS - - A XML iCalendar document can be created that
contains a "VEVENT" and "VTODO" calendar component with "VALARM"
calendar components. The "VALARM" calendar component can be of type
PROCEDURE and can have an attachment containing some sort of
executable program. Implementations that incorporate these types of
alarms are subject to any virus or malicious attack that might occur
as a result of executing the attachment.
ATTACHMENTS - - A XML iCalendar document can include references to
Uniform Resource Locators that can be programmed resources.
Implementers and users of this memo should be aware of the network
security implications of accepting and parsing such information.
In addition, the security considerations observed by implementations
of electronic mail systems should be followed for this memo.
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8. Bibliography
[FPI] F. Dawson, "iCalendar Formal Public Identifier", Internet
Draft, http://www.internic.net/internet-drafts/draft-calsch-icalfpi-
00.txt, September 1998.
[ISO9070] "Information Technology_SGML Support Facilities_
Registration Procedures for Public Text Owner Identifiers", ISO/IEC
9070, Second Edition, International Organization for Standardization,
April 1991.
[RFC 2045] N. Freed, N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions (MIME) - Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies", RFC
2045, November 1996.
[RFC 2119] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt,
March 1997.
[RFC 2445] F. Dawson and D. Stenerson, "Internet Calendaring and
Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar)", RFC 2445, http://
www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2445.txt, November 1998.
[XML] "Extensible Markup Language (XML)", Worldwide Web Consortium,
http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210, February 1998.
[XML] "Extensible Markup Language (XML)", Worldwide Web Consortium,
http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210, February 1998.
Authors' Addresses
Frank Dawson
Nokia Corporation
Phone: +1 (972) 894 4083
EMail: frank.dawson@nokia.com
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Surendra K. Reddy
Oracle
M/S 6op3
500 Oracle Parkway
Redwoodshores, CA 94065
US
Phone: +1 (650) 506 5441
Fax: +1 (650) 654 6205
EMail: skreddy@us.oracle.com
Doug Royer
INET-Consulting LLC
1795 W. Broadway #266
Idaho Falls, ID 83402
US
Phone: +1 (208) 520 4044
Fax: +1 (208) 552 1179
EMail: doug@royer.com
Eric R. Plamondon
Oracle
2000 Peel Street, 4th Floor
Montreal, QC H3A 2W5
Canada
Phone: +1 (514) 733 8500
Fax: +1 (514) 733 8878
EMail: ericp@steltor.com
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Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
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Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
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Dawson, Reddy, Royer, Plamondon Expires January 23, 2003 [Page 53]
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