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316 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff
316 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff
.TH "WHOIS" "1" "2019-12-30" "Marco d'Itri" "Debian GNU/Linux"
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.SH NAME
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whois \- client for the whois directory service
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B whois
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[
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.RB {\~ \-h \~|\~ \-\-host \~}
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.I HOST
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] [
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.RB {\~ \-p \~|\~ \-\-port \~}
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.I PORT
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]
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.RB [\~ \-abBcdGHIKlLmMrRx
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]
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.RB [\~ \-g \fI\~SOURCE:FIRST\-LAST\fR
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]
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.RB [\~ \-i
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.IR ATTR [, ATTR ]...\~]
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.RB [\~ \-s
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.IR SOURCE [, SOURCE ]...\~]
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.RB [\~ \-T
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.IR TYPE [, TYPE ]...\~]
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.RB [\~ \-\-verbose \~]
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.RB [\~ \-\-no\-recursion \~]
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.I OBJECT
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.B whois
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.B \-q
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.I KEYWORD
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.B whois
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.B \-t
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.I TYPE
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.B whois
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.B \-v
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.I TYPE
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.B whois \-\-help
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.B whois \-\-version
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B whois
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searches for an object in a
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.I RFC 3912
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database.
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.P
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This version of the whois client tries to guess the right server to
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ask for the specified object.
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If no guess can be made it will connect to
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.I whois.networksolutions.com
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for NIC handles or
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.I whois.arin.net
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for IPv4 addresses and network names.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP 8
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.B \-h
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.IR HOST ,
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.BI \-\-host= HOST
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Connect to
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.IR HOST .
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.TP 8
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.B \-H
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Do not display the legal disclaimers that some registries like to show you.
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.TP 8
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.B \-p
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.IR PORT ,
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.BI \-\-port= PORT
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Connect to
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.IR PORT .
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.TP 8
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.B \-I
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First query
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.I whois.iana.org
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and then follow its referral to the
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whois server authoritative for that request.
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This works for IP addresses,
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AS numbers and domains.
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.BR BEWARE :
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this implies that the IANA server will receive your complete query.
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.TP 8
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.B \-\-no\-recursion
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Disable recursion from registry to registrar servers.
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.TP 8
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.B \-\-verbose
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Be verbose.
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.TP 8
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.B \-\-help
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Display online help.
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.TP 8
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.B \-\-version
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Display the program version.
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.P
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Other options are flags understood by
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.I whois.ripe.net
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and some other
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RIPE-like servers:
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.TP 8
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.B \-a
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Also search all the mirrored databases.
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.TP 8
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.B \-b
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Return brief IP address ranges with abuse contact.
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.TP 8
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.B \-B
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Disable objects filtering.
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(Show the e-mail addresses.)
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.TP 8
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.B \-c
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Return the smallest IP address range with a reference to an irt object.
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.TP 8
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.B \-d
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Return the reverse DNS delegation object too.
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.TP 8
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.B \-g
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.I SOURCE:FIRST\-LAST
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Search updates from
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.I SOURCE
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database between
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.I FIRST
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and
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.I LAST
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update serial number.
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It is useful to obtain Near Real Time Mirroring stream.
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.TP 8
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.B \-G
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Disable grouping of associated objects.
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.TP 8
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.B \-i
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.IR ATTR [, ATTR ]...
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Inverse-search objects having associated attributes.
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.I ATTR
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is the attribute name, while the positional
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.I OBJECT
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argument is the attribute value.
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.TP 8
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.B \-K
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Return primary key attributes only.
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An exception is the
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.I members
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attribute of
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.I set
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objects, which is always returned.
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Another exception are all
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attributes of the objects
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.IR organisation ,
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.I person
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and
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.IR role ,
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that are never returned.
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.TP 8
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.B \-l
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Return the one level less specific object.
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.TP 8
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.B \-L
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Return all levels of less specific objects.
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.TP 8
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.B \-m
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Return all one level more specific objects.
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.TP 8
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.B \-M
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Return all levels of more specific objects.
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.TP 8
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.B \-q
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.I KEYWORD
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Return information about the server.
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.I KEYWORD
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can be
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.I version
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for the server version,
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.I sources
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for the list of database sources or
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.I types
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for the list of supported object types.
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.TP 8
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.B \-r
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Disable recursive lookups for contact information.
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.TP 8
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.B \-R
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Disable following referrals and force showing the object from the local copy
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in the server.
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.TP 8
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.B \-s
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.IR SOURCE [, SOURCE ]...
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Request the server to search for objects mirrored from
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.IR SOURCE .
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Sources are delimited by comma, and the order is significant.
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Use the
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.I \-q sources
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parameter to obtain a list of valid sources.
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.TP 8
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.B \-t
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.I TYPE
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Return the template for a object of
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.IR TYPE .
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.TP 8
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.B \-T
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.IR TYPE [, TYPE ]...
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Restrict the search to objects of
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.IR TYPE .
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Multiple types are separated by a comma.
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.TP 8
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.B \-v
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.I TYPE
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Return the verbose template for a object of
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.IR TYPE .
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.TP 8
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.B \-x
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Search for only exact match on network address prefix.
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.SH NOTES
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When querying the Verisign gTLDs
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(e.g.\& \&.com, \&.net...\&)
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thin registry servers
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for a domain, the program will automatically prepend the
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.I domain
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keyword to only show domain records. The
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.I nameserver
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or
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.I registrar
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keywords must be used to show other kinds of records.
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.P
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When querying
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.I whois.arin.net
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for IPv4 or IPv6 networks, the CIDR
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netmask length will be automatically removed from the query string.
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.P
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When querying
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.I whois.nic.ad.jp
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for AS numbers, the program will automatically convert the request
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in the appropriate format, inserting a space after the string
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.IR AS .
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.P
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When querying
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.I whois.denic.de
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for domain names and no other
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flags have been specified, the program will automatically add the flag
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.IR "\-T dn" .
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.P
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When querying
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.I whois.dk\-hostmaster.dk
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for domain names and no other
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flags have been specified, the program will automatically add the flag
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.IR "\-\-show\-handles" .
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.P
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RIPE-specific command line options are ignored when querying non-RIPE
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servers.
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This may or may not be the behaviour intended by the user.
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When using non-standard query parameters then the command line options
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which are not to be interpreted by the client must follow the
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.I \-\-
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separator (which marks the beginning of the query string).
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.P
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If the
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.I /etc/whois.conf
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configuration file exists, it will be consulted
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to find a server before applying the normal rules.
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Each line of the
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file should contain a regular expression to be matched against the query
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text and the whois server to use, separated by white space.
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IDN domains must use the ACE format.
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.P
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The whois protocol does not specify an encoding for characters which
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cannot be represented by ASCII and implementations vary wildly.
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If the program knows that a specific server uses a certain encoding,
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if needed it will transcode the server output to the encoding specified
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by the current system locale.
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.P
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Command line arguments will always be interpreted accordingly to the
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current system locale and converted to the IDN ASCII Compatible Encoding.
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.SH "FILES"
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/etc/whois.conf
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.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
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.IP LANG
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When querying
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.I whois.nic.ad.jp
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and
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.I whois.jprs.jp
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English text is requested unless the
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.I LANG
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or
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.I LC_MESSAGES
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environment variables specify a Japanese locale.
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.IP "WHOIS_OPTIONS"
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A list of options which will be evaluated before the ones specified on the
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command line.
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.IP "WHOIS_SERVER"
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This server will be queried if the program cannot guess where some kind
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of objects are located.
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If the variable does not exist then
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.I whois.arin.net
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will be queried.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.IR whois.conf (5).
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.P
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.IR "RFC 3912" :
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WHOIS Protocol Specification.
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.P
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.IR "RIPE Database Query Reference Manual" :
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.RI < https://www.ripe.net/\:data\-tools/\:support/\:documentation/\:ripe\-database\-query\-reference\-manual >
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.SH BUGS
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The program may have buffer overflows in the command line parser:
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be sure to not pass untrusted data to it.
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It should be rewritten to use a dynamic strings library.
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.SH HISTORY
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This program closely tracks the user interface of the whois client
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developed at RIPE by Ambrose Magee and others on the base of the
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original BSD client.
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.SH AUTHOR
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.B Whois
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and this man page were written by Marco d'Itri
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.RI < md@linux.it >
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and are licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License,
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version 2 or later.
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.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
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